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Plantar Fasciitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Effective Treatments

What is Plantar Fasciitis?

Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain. It happens when the thick band of tissue on the bottom of your foot, called the plantar fascia, becomes inflamed. This tissue connects your heel bone to your toes. Because it supports the arch of your foot, any damage or strain can lead to pain. Many people with plantar fasciitis notice sharp pain, especially with their first steps in the morning. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, this condition affects about 2 million people each year.

Common Symptoms

Plantar fasciitis symptoms can vary, but most people notice pain in the heel. Often, the pain is worse after resting or sleeping. However, it may get better as you move around. Still, standing for long periods or climbing stairs can make the pain return. Here are some common signs:

  • Sharp pain in the bottom of the heel
  • Pain that is worse in the morning or after sitting
  • Swelling or tenderness in the heel area
  • Stiffness in the foot, especially after rest

    • Causes and Risk Factors

    There are several causes and risk factors for plantar fasciitis. Most often, it develops from repeated stress on the foot. For example, running or standing for long hours can strain the plantar fascia. In addition, certain factors increase your risk:

  • Being overweight or obese
  • Wearing shoes with poor support
  • Having flat feet or high arches
  • Working jobs that require long periods of standing
  • Sudden increase in physical activity
  • Age, especially between 40 and 60 years

    • Because these factors put extra pressure on your feet, they can lead to tiny tears in the plantar fascia. Over time, these tears cause pain and swelling.

    How Plantar Fasciitis is Diagnosed

    Doctors usually diagnose plantar fasciitis based on your symptoms and a physical exam. First, your doctor will ask about your pain and daily activities. Then, they will check your foot for tenderness and swelling. Sometimes, they may order an X-ray or MRI. These tests help rule out other causes of heel pain, such as fractures or arthritis. However, most cases do not need special tests. Early diagnosis helps you start the right treatment quickly.

    Treatment Options

    There are many ways to treat plantar fasciitis. Most people get better with simple steps at home. However, some may need medical treatments or, rarely, surgery. Here are the main options:

    Home Remedies

  • Rest your foot and avoid activities that cause pain
  • Apply ice to the heel for 15-20 minutes, several times a day
  • Stretch your foot and calf muscles regularly
  • Wear shoes with good arch support and cushioning
  • Use over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen

    • Medical Treatments

  • Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility
  • Custom orthotic inserts for better foot support
  • Night splints to keep your foot stretched while you sleep
  • Corticosteroid injections to reduce severe pain and swelling

    • Surgical Options

    Surgery is rare and only for severe cases that do not improve after several months. During surgery, the doctor may release part of the plantar fascia to relieve tension. However, most people recover without surgery.

    Prevention Tips and Lifestyle Guidance

    Preventing plantar fasciitis is possible with a few simple steps. For example, you can:

  • Wear shoes with proper support and cushioning
  • Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on your feet
  • Stretch your feet and calves before and after exercise
  • Replace worn-out shoes regularly
  • Start new activities slowly and increase intensity over time

    • Because these habits protect your feet, they lower your risk of heel pain. If you have had plantar fasciitis before, these tips can help prevent it from coming back.

    When to See an Orthopedic Specialist

    Most cases of plantar fasciitis improve with home care. However, you should see an orthopedic specialist if:

  • Your heel pain lasts more than a few weeks
  • Pain is severe or getting worse
  • You have trouble walking or standing
  • Home treatments are not helping

    • Early treatment can prevent long-term problems. If you live in a city with orthopedic clinics, look for “plantar fasciitis treatment near me” to find help quickly.

    If you experience persistent heel pain, consult an orthopedic specialist at Vasista Orthocare for personalized advice.